Status and trends in the structure of Arctic benthic food webs

Monika Kędra (1, 2) , Charlotte Moritz (3, 4) , Emily S. Choy (5) , Carmen David (6) , Renate Degen (6) , Steven Duerksen (7) , Ingrid Ellingsen (8) , Barbara Górska (1) , Jacqueline M. Grebmeier (2) , Dubrava Kirievskaya (9) , Dick van Oevelen (10) , Kasia Piwosz (11) , Annette Samuelsen (12) , Jan Marcin Węsławski (1)

1 IO-PAN - Institute of Oceanology, Polish Academy of Sciences
2 Chesapeake biological laboratory
3 ISMER - Institut des Sciences de la MER de Rimouski
4 CRIOBE - Centre de recherches insulaires et observatoire de l'environnement
5 Department of Biological Sciences [Winnipeg]
6 AWI - Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung = Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research = Institut Alfred-Wegener pour la recherche polaire et marine
7 Dalhousie University - Department of Biology
8 SINTEF Digital - Stiftelsen for INdustriell og TEknisk Forskning Digital [Trondheim]
9 Novgorod State University
10 NIOZ - Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research
11 Department of Fisheries Oceanography and Marine Ecology
12 NERSC - Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Center [Bergen]

Ongoing climate warming is causing a dramatic loss of sea ice in the Arctic Ocean, and it is projected that the Arctic Ocean will become seasonally ice-free by 2040. Many studies of local Arctic food webs now exist, and with this review paper we aim to synthesize these into a large-scale assessment of the current status of knowledge on the structure of various Arctic marine food webs and their response to climate change, and to sea-ice retreat in particular. Key drivers of ecosystem change and potential consequences for ecosystem functioning and Arctic marine food webs are identified along the sea-ice gradient, with special emphasis on the following regions: seasonally ice-free Barents and Chukchi seas, loose ice pack zone of the Polar Front and Marginal Ice Zone, and permanently sea-ice covered High Arctic. Finally, we identify knowledge gaps in different Arctic marine food webs and provide recommendations for future studies.

Mots clés: Arctic; food web; climate change; sea-ice retreat; trophic transfer; pelagic-benthic coupling

Domaines: Milieux et Changements globaux

Monika Kędra, Charlotte Moritz, Emily S. Choy, Carmen David, Renate Degen, et al.. Status and trends in the structure of Arctic benthic food webs. Polar Research, 2015, 34, 23 p. ⟨10.3402/polar.v34.23775⟩. ⟨hal-01161465⟩