A. Information and . Funding, Funding was provided by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, France American Cultural Exchange program (FACE)/Partner University Fund (PUF), the Smithsonian Institution fellowship program and the Agence National de Recherche, ANR-11-JSV7-012- 01 Live and Let Die. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish

M. Adjeroud, F. Michonneau, P. Edmunds, Y. Chancerelle, T. De-loma et al., Recurrent disturbances, recovery trajectories, and resilience of coral assemblages on a South Central Pacific reef, Coral Reefs, vol.17, issue.3, pp.775-780, 2009.
DOI : 10.1007/s00338-009-0515-7
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/halsde-00332281

G. Anderson, A. Ehrlich, P. Ehrlich, J. Roughgarden, B. Russell et al., The Community Structure of Coral Reef Fishes, The American Naturalist, vol.117, issue.4, pp.476-495, 1981.
DOI : 10.1086/283729

P. Bachet, T. Zysman, and Y. Lefevre, Guide des poissons de Tahiti et de ses iles, Au vent des iles, 2007.

Y. Bouchonnavaro, Partitioning of food and space resources by chaetodontid fishes on coral reefs, Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, vol.103, issue.1-3, pp.21-40, 1986.
DOI : 10.1016/0022-0981(86)90130-9

M. Pratchett, Dietary selection by coral-feeding butterflyfishes (Chaetodontidae) on the Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, vol.14, pp.171-176, 2007.

M. Pratchett and M. Berumen, Interspecific variation in distributions and diets of coral reef butterflyfishes (Teleostei: Chaetodontidae), Journal of Fish Biology, vol.53, issue.7, pp.1730-1747, 2008.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1095-8649.2008.02062.x

C. Quince, A. Lanzen, R. Davenport, and P. Turnbaugh, Removing Noise From Pyrosequenced Amplicons, BMC Bioinformatics, vol.12, issue.1, pp.38-48, 2011.
DOI : 10.1186/1471-2105-12-38
URL : http://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2105-12-38

J. Randall, Food habits of reef fishes of the West Indies, Studies in Tropical Oceanography, vol.5, pp.665-847, 1967.

V. Ranwez, S. Harispe, F. Delsuc, and E. Douzery, MACSE: Multiple Alignment of Coding SEquences Accounting for Frameshifts and Stop Codons, PLoS ONE, vol.27, issue.9, 2011.
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0022594.s001
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00830089

K. Rawlinson, J. Gillis, R. Billings, and E. Borneman, Taxonomy and life history of the Acropora-eating flatworm Amakusaplana acroporae nov, sp. (Polycladida: Prosthiostomidae), 2011.

D. Robertson and B. Lassig, Spatial distribution patterns and coexistence of a group of territorial damselfishes from the Great Barrier reef, Bulletin of Marine Science, vol.30, pp.187-203, 1980.

S. Ross, Resource Partitioning in Fish Assemblages: A Review of Field Studies, Copeia, vol.1986, issue.2, pp.352-388, 1986.
DOI : 10.2307/1444996

R. Rotjan and S. Lewis, Impact of coral predators on tropical reefs, Marine Ecology Progress Series, vol.367, pp.73-91, 2008.
DOI : 10.3354/meps07531

H. Rouzé, G. Lecellier, M. Langlade, S. Planes, and V. Berteaux-lecellier, Fringing reefs exposed to different levels of eutrophication and sedimentation can support similar benthic communities, Marine Pollution Bulletin, vol.92, issue.1-2, pp.212-221, 2015.
DOI : 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.12.016

H. Rouzé, G. Lecellier, S. Mills, S. Planes, V. Berteaux-lecellier et al., Juvenile Trapezia spp. crabs can increase juvenile host coral survival by protection from predation, Marine Ecology Progress Series, vol.515, pp.151-159, 2014.
DOI : 10.3354/meps10970

P. Schloss, S. Westcott, T. Ryabin, J. Hall, M. Hartmann et al., Introducing mothur: Open-Source, Platform-Independent, Community-Supported Software for Describing and Comparing Microbial Communities, Applied and Environmental Microbiology, vol.75, issue.23, pp.7537-7541, 1128.
DOI : 10.1128/AEM.01541-09
URL : http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2786419

W. Shehzad, T. Mccarthy, F. Pompanon, L. Purevjav, E. Coissac et al., Prey Preference of Snow Leopard (Panthera uncia) in South Gobi, Mongolia, PLoS ONE, vol.48, issue.2, 2012.
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0032104.t004
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00845201

S. Sheppard, J. Bell, K. Sunderland, J. Fenlon, D. Skervin et al., Detection of secondary predation by PCR analyses of the gut contents of invertebrate generalist predators, Molecular Ecology, vol.8, issue.14, pp.4461-4468, 2005.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2005.02742.x

J. Shima, C. Osenberg, and A. Stier, The vermetid gastropod Dendropoma maximum reduces coral growth and survival, Biology Letters, vol.363, issue.4522, pp.815-818, 1098.
DOI : 10.1126/science.214.4522.749

N. Simon-blecher and Y. Achituv, Relationship between the coral pit crab Cryptochirus coralliodytes Heller and its host coral, Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, vol.215, issue.1, pp.93-102, 1997.
DOI : 10.1016/S0022-0981(97)00002-6

J. Stella, G. Jones, and M. Pratchett, Variation in the structure of epifaunal invertebrate assemblages among coral hosts, Coral Reefs, vol.151, issue.1, pp.957-973, 2010.
DOI : 10.1007/s00338-010-0648-8

J. Stella, M. Pratchett, P. Hutchings, and G. Jones, Coral-associated invertebrates, Oceanography and Marine Biology: An Annual Review, vol.49, pp.43-104, 2011.
DOI : 10.1201/b11009-3

H. Stewart, S. Holbrook, R. Schmitt, and A. Brooks, Symbiotic crabs maintain coral health by clearing sediments, Coral Reefs, vol.29, issue.217, pp.609-615, 2006.
DOI : 10.1007/s00338-006-0132-7

A. Stier, M. Gil, C. Mckeon, S. Lemer, M. Leray et al., Housekeeping Mutualisms: Do More Symbionts Facilitate Host Performance?, PLoS ONE, vol.82, issue.4, 2012.
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0032079.s006
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00722784

A. Stier and M. Leray, Predators alter community organization of coral reef cryptofauna and reduce abundance of coral mutualists, Coral Reefs, vol.74, issue.1, pp.181-191, 2014.
DOI : 10.1007/s00338-013-1077-2

A. Stier, C. Mckeon, C. Osenberg, and J. Shima, Guard crabs alleviate deleterious effects of vermetid snails on a branching coral, Coral Reefs, vol.363, issue.4, pp.1019-1022, 2010.
DOI : 10.1007/s00338-010-0663-9

M. Sussman, Y. Loya, M. Fine, and E. Rosenberg, The marine fireworm Hermodice carunculata is a winter reservoir and spring-summer vector for the coral-bleaching pathogen Vibrio shiloi, Environmental Microbiology, vol.42, issue.4, pp.250-255, 2003.
DOI : 10.1046/j.1462-2920.2002.00302.x

W. Symondson, Molecular identification of prey in predator diets, Molecular Ecology, vol.92, issue.4, pp.627-641, 2002.
DOI : 10.1046/j.1365-294x.1999.00823.x

P. Taberlet, E. Coissac, F. Pompanon, C. Brochmann, and E. Willerslev, Towards next-generation biodiversity assessment using DNA metabarcoding, Molecular Ecology, vol.317, issue.8, pp.2045-2050, 2012.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2012.05470.x

F. Talbot, B. Russell, and G. Anderson, Coral Reef Fish Communities: Unstable, High-Diversity Systems?, Ecological Monographs, vol.48, issue.4, pp.425-440, 1978.
DOI : 10.2307/2937241

S. Turner, The biology and population outbreaks of the corallivorous gastropod Drupella on Indo-Pacific reefs, Oceanography and Marine Biology, vol.32, pp.461-530, 1994.

H. Vestheim and S. Jarman, Blocking primers to enhance PCR amplification of rare sequences in mixed samples ??? a case study on prey DNA in Antarctic krill stomachs, Frontiers in Zoology, vol.5, issue.1, pp.12-22, 2008.
DOI : 10.1186/1742-9994-5-12

R. Waldner and D. Robertson, Patterns of habitat partitioning by eight species of territorial Carribbean damselfishes (Pisces: Pomacentridae), Bulletin of Marine Science, vol.30, pp.171-186, 1980.

D. Williams and M. Miller, Coral disease outbreak: pattern, prevalence and transmission in Acropora cervicornis, Marine Ecology Progress Series, vol.301, pp.119-128, 2005.
DOI : 10.3354/meps301119

S. Wright, Tropical forests in a changing environment, Trends in Ecology & Evolution, vol.20, issue.10, pp.553-560, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.tree.2005.07.009