Electrochemical Sensor and Biosensor Strategies for ROS/RNS Detection in Biological Systems

Abstract : This review summarises the main electrochemical sensors and biosensors developed for assessing the reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen (RNS) species of interest in clinical and physiological analysis. Among these species, a special attention is focused on sensors for the detection of the highly reactive superoxide radicals O2.−, the very stable hydrogen peroxide H2O2, as well as the well-known RNS nitric oxide (NO.). The different methods adopted for the detection of each species are commented, considering both sensor and biosensors detection strategies.